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Technology and its use in warfare: a challenge for international security
La tecnología y su uso en la guerra: Desafío para la Seguridad Internacional
dc.creator | Ortiz-Arellano, Edgar | |
dc.creator | Bustamante-García, Víctor Hugo | |
dc.date | 2024-06-30 | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2025-03-18T16:43:41Z | |
dc.date.available | 2025-03-18T16:43:41Z | |
dc.identifier | https://esdegrevistas.edu.co/index.php/rcit/article/view/4853 | |
dc.identifier | 10.25062/2955-0270.4853 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14205/11380 | |
dc.description | Throughout their history, nation-states have used technology as a tool to strengthen their war capabilities, which has been a determining factor in their evolution and survival. Today, with rapid technical and scientific advances, both the conditions of warfare and human life in general are changing dramatically. This article examines the concept of war, its implications, and its current and future relationship with new technologies in a context in which hybrid warfare predominates. New threats in the physical, cyber and cognitive domains are analyzed, suggesting that warfare activities and unconventional actors are the new paradigm in the global belligerent scenario. In view of this, it is a priority for armies to adapt quickly to the new times. | en-US |
dc.description | Los Estados-Nación a lo largo de la modernidad y hasta los tiempos recientes, han utilizado a la tecnología como una herramienta para potenciar sus capacidades en la guerra con el fin de neutralizar rápidamente a sus enemigos, pero ahora, los avances técnico-científico han cambiado por completo las condiciones de la vida humana, de los conflictos bélicos, así como a los actores involucrados en éstos, de ahí que el objetivo del presente artículo fue el de analizar a la guerra como concepto y sus implicaciones para un futuro donde las tecnologías digitales y las actividades bélicas no convencionales son los nuevos paradigmas en el escenario beligerante global. Es prioritario que los ejércitos y sus armas deban adaptarse rápidamente a los nuevos tiempos. | es-ES |
dc.format | application/pdf | |
dc.language | spa | |
dc.publisher | Sello Editorial ESDEG | es-ES |
dc.relation | https://esdegrevistas.edu.co/index.php/rcit/article/view/4853/5277 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Ackoff, R. (2002). El Paradigma de Ackoof. Una Administración Sistémica. México: Limusa. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Amadeo, G., y Rojas, G. (1999). La categoría de “guerra” en el pensamiento platónico-aristotélico, en La Filosofía Política Clásica. De la Antigüedad al Renacimiento. Buenos Aires: CLACSO, pp. 285-291. https://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/se/20100609124815/11amadeo.pdf | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Aznar, F. (2014). Filosofía de la guerra. Arbor, Ciencia, Pensamiento y Cultura, 190(765), pp. 1-8. http://arbor.revistas.csic.es/index.php/arbor/article/view/1898/2108 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Bendovschi, A. (2015). Cyber-attacks – trends, patterns and security countermeasures. Procedia Economics and Finance, 28, pp. 24-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)01077-1 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Cepeda, L. (2016). Teoría de la guerra de Clausewitz en la lucha contra la insurgencia (COIN): ¿mantiene su validez? Revista Española de Estudios Estratégicos, (7), pp. 59-87. http://revista.ieee.es/article/view/232 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Cerruti, P. (2018). La transformación de las racionalidades bélicas en la era de la información: ciberguerra, guerra en red y noopolítica. Cuadernos de Marte, 9(15), pp. 247-279. https://publicaciones.sociales.uba.ar/index.php/cuadernosdemarte/article/view/3403 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Chin, W. (2019). Technology, war and the state. International Affairs, 95(4), pp. 765–783. https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiz106 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Clausewitz, C. V. (2014). De la Guerra. Madrid: La Esfera de los Libros. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Coker, C (2018). Still ‘the human thing’? Technology, human agency and the future of war. International Relations, 32(1): 23–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047117818754640 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Dimitriu G. (2018). Clausewitz and the politics of war: A contemporary theory. Journal of Strategic Studies, pp. 1-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2018.1529567 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Fairhead, E. (2019). Supplanting the spectacle of sacrifice: Drone warfare and the anti-spectacle of the safe military body. Media, War & Conflict. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750635219889081 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Foucault, M. (2006). Defender la Sociedad. Curso del College de France 1975-1976. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Gill, A. (2020). The changing role of multilateral forums in regulating armed conflict in the digital age. International Review of the Red Cross, 102(913), 261–285. https://international-review.icrc.org/articles/changing-role-multilateral-forums-regulating-armed-conflict-digital-age-913. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Haner, J., y García, D. (2019). The artificial intelligence arms race: trends and world leaders in autonomous weapons development. Global Policy, 10(3), pp. 331-337. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12713 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Hoas, H. (1996). La modernidad de la guerra: la teoría de la modernización y el problema de la violencia. Análisis Político, (27), pp. 33–44. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/anpol/article/view/74488 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Käihkö, I. (2018). War as nothing but a duel: war as an institution and the construction of the Western military profession. Journal of Military, 9(1), pp. 1–13. https://doi.org/10.2478/jms-2018-0003 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Kalpouzos, I. (2020). Double elevation: Autonomous weapons and the search for an irreducible law of war. Leiden Journal of International Law, 33(2) pp. 289-312. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0922156520000114 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Kasapoğlu C. y Kirdemir, B (2019). Artificial intelligence and the future of conflict. En Valášek, T. (Ed.). New Perspectives on Shared Security: Nato’s Next 70 Years. Washington, D.C. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, pp. 35-40. https://carnegieeurope.eu/2019/11/28/artificial-intelligence-and-future-of-conflict-pub-80421 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Kennedy, P. (1994). Auge y Caída de las Grandes Potencias. Barcelona: Plaza y Janés Editores. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Kilcullen, D. (2019). The evolution of unconventional warfare. Scandinavian Journal of Military Studies, 2(1), pp. 61–71. https://doi.org/10.31374/sjms.35 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Knopová, M., y Knopová, E. (2014). The third world war? In the cyberspace. Cyber warfare in the Middle East. Acta Informatica Pragensia, 3(1), 23–32. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266079414_The_Third_World_War_In_The_Cyberspace_Cyber_Warfare_in_the_Middle_East | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Lever, P. (2014). The Cold War: the golden age of arms control. Cold War History, 14(4), pp. 501–513. https://doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2014.950246 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Luckenbaugh, J. (2024). Proliferation provides space force resilience, new challenges. National Defense. https://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/articles/2024/5/16/proliferation-provides-space-force-resilience-new-challenges | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/MacDonald, J., y Schneider, J. (2019). Battlefield responses to new technologies: views from the ground on unmanned aircraft. Security Studies, 28(2), pp. 216-249. https://doi.org/10.1080/09636412.2019.1551565 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Marovic, J. (2019). Wars of ideas: Hybrid warfare, political interference, and disinformation. En Valášek, T. (Ed.). New Perspectives on Shared Security: Nato’s Next 70 Years. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, pp. 27-30. https://carnegieendowment.org/files/NATO_int_final1.pdf | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Martí, C. (2024). El papel de la tecnología en los recientes conflictos de Ucrania y Gaza. Una valoración inicial. ARI. Real Instituto ElCano, 1-9. https://media.realinstitutoelcano.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/ari16-2024-marti-papel-tecnologia-conflictos-ucrania-gaza-valoracion-inicial.pdf | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Masters, C. (2005). Bodies of technology. Cyborg soldiers and militarized masculinities. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 7(1), pp. 112–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461674042000324718 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/McGee-Abe, J. (2023). One year on: 10 technologies used in the war in Ukraine. Tech Informed. The Frontier of Tech News. https://techinformed.com/one-year-on-10-technologies-used-in-the-war-in-ukraine/ | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/NSA. (2020). Understandinng the Threat, en Plataforma Web de National Security Agency/ Central Security Service, U.S. Goverment. https://www.nsa.gov/what-we-do/understanding-the-threat/ | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Patterson, E. (2009). Just war theory and explosive remnants of war. The Journal of ERW and Mine Action, 13(1), 4-6. https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/cisr-journal/vol13/iss1/2 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Pettinà, V. (2018). Historia Mínima de la Guerra Fría en América Latina. Ciudad de México: El Colegio de México. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Platón. (2006). La República. México: Austral. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Reinel, J. (2004). Una respuesta a la pregunta “¿qué es la guerra?”. Aposta. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, (6): 1-28. http://www.apostadigital.com/revistav3/hemeroteca/reinel1.pdf | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Rid, T. Cyber war will not take place. Journal of Strategic Studies, 35(1), pp. 5–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2011.608939 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Rodríguez, R. (2015). Ciencia y tecnología para la guerra. La guerra de Cuarta Generación. Serie Científica de la Universidad de las Ciencias Informática, 8(3):1-11. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=8590137 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Roser, M. (2016). War and Peace. Publicado en línea en portal WorldData.org. https://ourworldindata.org/war-and-peace | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Sadowski, D., y Becker, J. (2010). Beyond the “hybrid” threat: asserting the essential unity of warfare. Small War Journal, pp. 1-13. https://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/journal/docs-temp/344-sadowski-etal.pdf | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Stevens, T. (2020). Knowledge in the grey zone: AI and cybersecurity. Digital War, pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1057/s42984-020-00007-w | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Tegmark, M. (2016). Benefits and Risks of Artificial Intelligence, en página web de Future of Life Institute. https://futureoflife.org/background/benefits-risks-of-artificial-intelligence/ | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Teixeira, A. V. (2010). Global war: the concept of modern war under attack. Mexican Law Review, 1(4), 89-110. https://doi.org/10.22201/iij.24485306e.2010.4.7740 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Vestrymge, J. (1978). El "sistema de guerra" de la sociedad industrial. REIS: Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas (1), pp. 105-144. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=666885 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Votel, J., Cleveland, C. T., Connett, C. T., and Irwin W. (2016). Unconventional warfare in the gray zone. Joint Force Quarterly, (80), pp. 101-109. https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/jfq/jfq-80/jfq-80_101-109_Votel-et-al.pdf | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Ackoff, R. (2002). El Paradigma de Ackoof. Una Administración Sistémica. México: Limusa. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Amadeo, G., y Rojas, G. (1999). La categoría de “guerra” en el pensamiento platónico-aristotélico, en La Filosofía Política Clásica. De la Antigüedad al Renacimiento. Buenos Aires: CLACSO, pp. 285-291. https://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/se/20100609124815/11amadeo.pdf | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Aznar, F. (2014). Filosofía de la guerra. Arbor, Ciencia, Pensamiento y Cultura, 190(765), pp. 1-8. http://arbor.revistas.csic.es/index.php/arbor/article/view/1898/2108 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Bendovschi, A. (2015). Cyber-attacks – trends, patterns and security countermeasures. Procedia Economics and Finance, 28, pp. 24-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)01077-1 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Cepeda, L. (2016). Teoría de la guerra de Clausewitz en la lucha contra la insurgencia (COIN): ¿mantiene su validez? Revista Española de Estudios Estratégicos, (7), pp. 59-87. http://revista.ieee.es/article/view/232 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Cerruti, P. (2018). La transformación de las racionalidades bélicas en la era de la información: ciberguerra, guerra en red y noopolítica. Cuadernos de Marte, 9(15), pp. 247-279. https://publicaciones.sociales.uba.ar/index.php/cuadernosdemarte/article/view/3403 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Chin, W. (2019). Technology, war and the state. International Affairs, 95(4), pp. 765–783. https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiz106 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Clausewitz, C. V. (2014). De la Guerra. Madrid: La Esfera de los Libros. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Coker, C (2018). Still ‘the human thing’? Technology, human agency and the future of war. International Relations, 32(1): 23–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047117818754640 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Dimitriu G. (2018). Clausewitz and the politics of war: A contemporary theory. Journal of Strategic Studies, pp. 1-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2018.1529567 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Fairhead, E. (2019). Supplanting the spectacle of sacrifice: Drone warfare and the anti-spectacle of the safe military body. Media, War & Conflict. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750635219889081 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Foucault, M. (2006). Defender la Sociedad. Curso del College de France 1975-1976. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Gill, A. (2020). The changing role of multilateral forums in regulating armed conflict in the digital age. International Review of the Red Cross, 102(913), 261–285. https://international-review.icrc.org/articles/changing-role-multilateral-forums-regulating-armed-conflict-digital-age-913. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Haner, J., y García, D. (2019). The artificial intelligence arms race: trends and world leaders in autonomous weapons development. Global Policy, 10(3), pp. 331-337. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12713 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Hoas, H. (1996). La modernidad de la guerra: la teoría de la modernización y el problema de la violencia. Análisis Político, (27), pp. 33–44. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/anpol/article/view/74488 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Käihkö, I. (2018). War as nothing but a duel: war as an institution and the construction of the Western military profession. Journal of Military, 9(1), pp. 1–13. https://doi.org/10.2478/jms-2018-0003 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Kalpouzos, I. (2020). Double elevation: Autonomous weapons and the search for an irreducible law of war. Leiden Journal of International Law, 33(2) pp. 289-312. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0922156520000114 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Kasapoğlu C. y Kirdemir, B (2019). Artificial intelligence and the future of conflict. En Valášek, T. (Ed.). New Perspectives on Shared Security: Nato’s Next 70 Years. Washington, D.C. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, pp. 35-40. https://carnegieeurope.eu/2019/11/28/artificial-intelligence-and-future-of-conflict-pub-80421 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Kennedy, P. (1994). Auge y Caída de las Grandes Potencias. Barcelona: Plaza y Janés Editores. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Kilcullen, D. (2019). The evolution of unconventional warfare. Scandinavian Journal of Military Studies, 2(1), pp. 61–71. https://doi.org/10.31374/sjms.35 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Knopová, M., y Knopová, E. (2014). The third world war? In the cyberspace. Cyber warfare in the Middle East. Acta Informatica Pragensia, 3(1), 23–32. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266079414_The_Third_World_War_In_The_Cyberspace_Cyber_Warfare_in_the_Middle_East | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Lever, P. (2014). The Cold War: the golden age of arms control. Cold War History, 14(4), pp. 501–513. https://doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2014.950246 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Luckenbaugh, J. (2024). Proliferation provides space force resilience, new challenges. National Defense. https://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/articles/2024/5/16/proliferation-provides-space-force-resilience-new-challenges | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/MacDonald, J., y Schneider, J. (2019). Battlefield responses to new technologies: views from the ground on unmanned aircraft. Security Studies, 28(2), pp. 216-249. https://doi.org/10.1080/09636412.2019.1551565 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Marovic, J. (2019). Wars of ideas: Hybrid warfare, political interference, and disinformation. En Valášek, T. (Ed.). New Perspectives on Shared Security: Nato’s Next 70 Years. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, pp. 27-30. https://carnegieendowment.org/files/NATO_int_final1.pdf | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Martí, C. (2024). El papel de la tecnología en los recientes conflictos de Ucrania y Gaza. Una valoración inicial. ARI. Real Instituto ElCano, 1-9. https://media.realinstitutoelcano.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/ari16-2024-marti-papel-tecnologia-conflictos-ucrania-gaza-valoracion-inicial.pdf | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Masters, C. (2005). Bodies of technology. Cyborg soldiers and militarized masculinities. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 7(1), pp. 112–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461674042000324718 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/McGee-Abe, J. (2023). One year on: 10 technologies used in the war in Ukraine. Tech Informed. The Frontier of Tech News. https://techinformed.com/one-year-on-10-technologies-used-in-the-war-in-ukraine/ | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/NSA. (2020). Understandinng the Threat, en Plataforma Web de National Security Agency/ Central Security Service, U.S. Goverment. https://www.nsa.gov/what-we-do/understanding-the-threat/ | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Patterson, E. (2009). Just war theory and explosive remnants of war. The Journal of ERW and Mine Action, 13(1), 4-6. https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/cisr-journal/vol13/iss1/2 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Pettinà, V. (2018). Historia Mínima de la Guerra Fría en América Latina. Ciudad de México: El Colegio de México. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Platón. (2006). La República. México: Austral. | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Reinel, J. (2004). Una respuesta a la pregunta “¿qué es la guerra?”. Aposta. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, (6): 1-28. http://www.apostadigital.com/revistav3/hemeroteca/reinel1.pdf | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Rid, T. Cyber war will not take place. Journal of Strategic Studies, 35(1), pp. 5–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2011.608939 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Rodríguez, R. (2015). Ciencia y tecnología para la guerra. La guerra de Cuarta Generación. Serie Científica de la Universidad de las Ciencias Informática, 8(3):1-11. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=8590137 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Roser, M. (2016). War and Peace. Publicado en línea en portal WorldData.org. https://ourworldindata.org/war-and-peace | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Sadowski, D., y Becker, J. (2010). Beyond the “hybrid” threat: asserting the essential unity of warfare. Small War Journal, pp. 1-13. https://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/journal/docs-temp/344-sadowski-etal.pdf | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Stevens, T. (2020). Knowledge in the grey zone: AI and cybersecurity. Digital War, pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1057/s42984-020-00007-w | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Tegmark, M. (2016). Benefits and Risks of Artificial Intelligence, en página web de Future of Life Institute. https://futureoflife.org/background/benefits-risks-of-artificial-intelligence/ | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Teixeira, A. V. (2010). Global war: the concept of modern war under attack. Mexican Law Review, 1(4), 89-110. https://doi.org/10.22201/iij.24485306e.2010.4.7740 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Vestrymge, J. (1978). El "sistema de guerra" de la sociedad industrial. REIS: Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas (1), pp. 105-144. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=666885 | |
dc.relation | /*ref*/Votel, J., Cleveland, C. T., Connett, C. T., and Irwin W. (2016). Unconventional warfare in the gray zone. Joint Force Quarterly, (80), pp. 101-109. https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/jfq/jfq-80/jfq-80_101-109_Votel-et-al.pdf | |
dc.rights | Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Ciberespacio, Tecnología e Innovación | es-ES |
dc.rights | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 | es-ES |
dc.source | Ciberespacio, Tecnología e Innovación; Vol. 3 Núm. 5 (2024): La tecnología a disposición de la seguridad y defensa nacional; 89-104 | es-ES |
dc.source | 3028-3310 | |
dc.source | 2955-0270 | |
dc.subject | ciberdefensa | es-ES |
dc.subject | futuro | es-ES |
dc.subject | guerra híbrida | es-ES |
dc.subject | inteligencia artificial | es-ES |
dc.subject | tecnología | es-ES |
dc.subject | artificial intelligence | en-US |
dc.subject | cyber defense | en-US |
dc.subject | future | en-US |
dc.subject | hybrid war | en-US |
dc.subject | technology | en-US |
dc.title | Technology and its use in warfare: a challenge for international security | en-US |
dc.title | La tecnología y su uso en la guerra: Desafío para la Seguridad Internacional | es-ES |
dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | |
dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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